RCT 447 moderate-to-severe hospitalized patients in Turkey, 52 treated with quercetin, bromelain, and vitamin C, showing no statistically significant difference in clinical outcomes.
NCT04377789.
Onal et al., 1/19/2021, Randomized Controlled Trial, Turkey, Europe, preprint, 10 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with bromelain and vitamin C) - results of individual treatments may vary.
risk of death, 24.0% lower, RR 0.76, p = 1.00, treatment 1 of 52 (1.9%), control 10 of 395 (2.5%).
risk of ICU admission, 94.1% lower, RR 0.06, p = 0.39, treatment 0 of 52 (0.0%), control 14 of 395 (3.5%), continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
risk of no hospital discharge, 68.3% lower, RR 0.32, p = 0.34, treatment 1 of 52 (1.9%), control 24 of 395 (6.1%).
Effect extraction follows
pre-specified rules
prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious
outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance,
however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes
when combining the results of many trials.